What type of exposure to ozone may damage plants and natural rubber?

Prolonged exposure to ozone can cause significant damage to plants and natural rubber. Ozone is a powerful oxidizing agent, and its effects can become more pronounced over time. When plants are exposed to high levels of ozone for an extended duration, it can lead to cell damage, reduced photosynthesis, and overall decline in plant health. The symptoms often include leaf injury, reduced growth, and impaired function.

Natural rubber is similarly affected by prolonged exposure, as ozone can degrade the polymer structure of rubber, leading to cracking and loss of elasticity. This degradation often manifests in the rubber becoming brittle and discolored over time.

While short-term and intermittent exposure may not result in immediate or noticeable damage, it is the ongoing presence of ozone that accumulates effects and leads to considerable harm. Minimal exposure would also be less impactful in terms of damage, as the concentration and duration of exposure play critical roles in determining the level of damage to sensitive materials like plants and rubber. Therefore, prolonged exposure is the key factor in causing these adverse effects.